Hand-brake for railway-cars



P. BROWN', DEC.

M- BROWN, EXECUTRIX. A HAND BRAKE Foa RAILWAY CARS.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 12| 1917.

Patented May 18, 1920'.

6 SHEETS-SHEET l.

36 i ,i I l P. BROWN, DECD.

n.1. Bnowu, Exacurnlx.

HAND BRAKE FOR RAILWAY CARS.

APPLICATION FILEDl DEC. 12. 1917.

1,340,323, Patented May 18, 1920.

esHEr-:TSAHEET 2. 77";C/gq3,

P. BROWN, DECD.

M. l. BROWN, EXECUTRIX.

HAND BRAKE FOR RAILWAY CARS.

APPLICATION FILED DEC. I2. 1917.

Patented May 18,1920.

. 6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

P. BROWN, DECD.

M. I. BIIowII, ExEcuTmx.

HAND BRAKE FOR RAILWAY CARS.

APPLICATION FILED Dic. I2, 1917.

Patented MaylS, 1920.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

i i l nl f 'VZ/mw w' I l I I u l l P. BROWN, DECD.

M. 1. BROWN, ExEcuTRlx.

HAND BRAKE FOR RAILWAY CARS.-

APPLICATION FILED DEC. 12, 1-917. 1,340,323.

Patented May 18, 1920.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

77 Vif/D0'. I.' will 60 65 l A A I LA) l il l wh 63 i TM Y mmh Q l ll; 1

fr' l P. BROWN, DECD.

M. 1. BnowN, ExEcuRlx.

HAND BRAKE FOR RAILWAY CARS.

APPLICATION HLED 05012. 1911. 1,340,323. Patented May 18, 1920 6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

lUNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIoE.

. I PERRY BROWN, OF CORAOPOLIS, PENNSYLVANIA; MARGARET J'. BROWN EXECUTRIX OF SAIDIERRY BROWN, DECEASED.

HAND-BRAKE FOR RAILWAY-CARS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 18, 1920.

Application filed December 12, 1917. Serial Nol 206,806.

ytain new and useful Improvements in Hand- Brakes for Railway-Cars, of which the fol,

lowing is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in hand brakes for railway cars, particularly of the type shown in my Patent No. 1,185,97-1, granted June 6, 1916, in which there is an operating handle arranged to drop b v gravity to an inactive position. The object of this invention is to improve the details of the brake shown in my aforesaid patent.

The invention consists lin the combination and arrangement of parts the preferable embodiment of which is hereinafter described and shown in the drawings accompanying and forming part hereof.

In the aforesaid drawings:

Figure l is a side elevation of a brake constructed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical central section of the same.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken at right angles to that shown in Fig. 2.

Fig. 41 is a View of an end of a passenger car having my brake applied thereto.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the chain pulley or drum.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of the chain pulley or drum.

Fig. T is a plan view of the same.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the main part of the casing and part of the brake chain, the interior parts being removed.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the operating handle. l

Fig. 10 is a section of that part of the handle which is within the casing.

Fig. l1 is a perspective view of the holding dog.

Fig. 12 is a view of an end of a freight car having my invent-ion applied thereto.

Fig. 13 is a perspective detail.

Fig. 1J: is a perspective view of thedivisional wall or partition.;A

Fig. 15 is a sectional view showing my invention in a form in which it can be operated from opposite sides of a car wall, the

brake in this instance being supplied with two handles on opposite sides of the car wall.

Fig. 16 isa perspective view of the in terior parts of the form shown in Fig. l5,

said parts being shown separated in order y that their structure may better appear.

Fig. 1T is a perspective view of an arrangement for" operating the holding dog fromopposite sides of the car wall.

Fig. 18 is a view of a modified form very similar to that shown in Fig. 15.

Fig. 19 is a perspective detail of one of the parts shown in Fig. 17.

Referring now to the detailsof the drawings by numerals: 1 designates a casing, illustrated in Figs. 1 andas-being provided with an integral bracket 3 by which the casing may be secured in position, and with two tubular downwardly extending members 1 and 5 through which the brake chain may pass. The integral bracket .3 is designed particularly to be secured to the under side of the. hand rail of a passenger car. as indicated in Fig. 4, but it may also be secured to the end of a freight car by using an angle iron 7 asillustrated in Fig. 1U. The lasing 1 is preferably formed of an integral casting. as illustrated in Fig. 6, and therefore preferably has its rear end closed by the back wall 9 (see Fig. 2) and its exposed front end closed by a cover or cap plate 10, a bolt 12 being employed which passes through the cover or cap plate 10 and the back wall 9, the bolt serving not only the purpose of securing the parts together but of supporting all the parts within the casing as will now be described. Journaled upon the aforesaid bolt 12 vand located against the back wall 9 is a chain pulley or drum 14 which is preferably of the construction which will be hereinafter described. The casing is provided with an annular projection 16 (see Fig. 8) which is provided with two projections 17 and 18 shown in Figs. l and 8. Against the annular projection 16 is fitted a divisional wall or partition 20 provided with a central aperture 22, see Fig. 14, and with two recesses 21 and 25 which are arranged in registry with the aforesaid projections 16 and 18 so that when the divisional wall or partition 20 is placed in position the projections 17 and 18 enter the recesses 24 and 25 and prevent any movement to. The projecting end of the journal 30 is formed of irregular shape, shown in Fig. 5 with four flat sides, which is designed to receive and support a ratchet wheel 32 (see Figs. l and 2). The aforesaid divisional wall or partition 20 is also provided with a trunnion 3st forming a support for a pivoted dog 3G provided with a weighted handle 3S vshown in Figs. l and 11, the dog being arranged in normal position to co-act with the aforesaid ratchet wheel and prevent counter-rotation thereof. j

The aforesaid chain pulley or drum 14 is made of the construction shown best in Figs. 5, 6 and T, from which it will be seen that it is in the nature of a sprocket wheel. It is particularly and especially designed to re! ceive the'standard brake chain now adopted by the various railroads so that the mechanics in applying my brake can cut off the proper length of the standard chain and therefore not be obliged to keep in supply a special chain. Furthermore, if a chain should break in service. itcan be easily replaced by the standard chain found on hand in all railroad repair shops. To this end the chain pulley or drum let is provided with flat seats to receive and support the sides of the horizontally disposed links and with recesses having curved seats to receive the outside curved surfaces of the vertically disposed links. The said flat seats are numbered et() and in turnhave corner lugs specially formed so that the two oppositely disposed lugs 4l at each corner fit partially around the curved end of the horizontally disposed links so as to push against the end of the link when the pulley or drum is used to wind the spring to apply the brake, and the said curved recesses are designated -l2 and are located between the aforesaid oppositely disposed corner lugs Il. Between the flat seats 10 at the center thereof are center lugs I3 which are in just the proper location to enter between the sides of the horizontally disposed links and tit against the outside of the vertically disposed links. Furthermore. the pulley or drum is provided with annular flanges l5 and 4.6 backing up the seats 4:0, so that the sides of the horizontally disposed links fit against the interior surfaces of said lianges and are thereby effectively'prevented from riding up from off their seats as power is applied to the pulley or drum to wind the chain and set the brake. I deem this construction of considerable importance for while it is very common to provide chains with pulleys having teeth, it is necessary in this brake to provide one which will be able to transmit the power exerted by the operating handle or lever to the chain pulley or drum in order to apply the brake in such a manner that the pressure is so applied that the chain cannot work off of the pulley or drum.

In order to rotate the chain pulley or drum I employ a handle or lever similar to that shown in my aforesaid patent, the lever in this case being shown in perspective view in Fig. 9. As there shown the operating` handle, numbered 5l). is provided with two apertures 5l and through the irst of which passes the aforesaid bolt l2 whichA supports the various working elements of the brake. The opening 52 is designed to receive a trunnion 5l projecting from a pawl shown in perspective view in Fig. 12%. The operating handle or lever hangs from the bolt l2 and is provided with a large disk shaped member 5G which is almost as large as the opening in the casing and is provided with a flanged member 5T which closes the recess in the casing shown at (3() in Fig. S. The advantage of having the operating handle provided with the large disk shaped member such as 5G is that the lever is given a firm support and cannot move laterally on the bolt l2. since the member 56 crowds up against the ratchet wheel 22 hereinbefore described. The pawl co-acts ,with thc teeth of the said ratchet wheel 82 as shown in dotted lines in Fig. l but when the handle drops by gravity to an inactive position. the

tail G2 of the pawl swings into the cam shaped recess on the lug 26 shown on the divisional wall or partition 20 illustrated in Fig. ll. It will be understood that soon as the operator moves the operating handle 5() to the left, as shown in Fig. l, the pawl and its tail 62 are also moved to the left with said handle, and in so doing the pawl is swung into engagement with the ratchet wheel owing to the fact that the preponderance of weight is on the right hand side of the trunnion 54 as viewed in said Fig. l. rl`he said pawl is provided with a handle (S3 which projects through an opening in the casing l and not only adds to the weight of the parts so as to insure proper action of the pawl but also makes it possible for the operator to throw the pawl out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheel 22 whenever desirable. For example, if the brake has been applied too tight, by moving the handle G3 so that the pawl is thrown out of engagement with the ratchet wheel or by holding the handle (33 to keep said pawl out of contact with the said wheel, the operator may move the handle 50 upwardly without operating the ratchet wheel 22. Then by releasing the handle 63 the pawl will automatically engage the teeth of The tubular extensions 4 and 5 may have pipes 6 and 8'connected to them as shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4 which form housings for the chain, and the free end of the chain may be provided with a flanged retainer 11 which Awill prevent the free end of the chain from being pulled out of the pipe 8 and into the casing 1 when the brake is released. Or, when the pipe S is not employed the free end of the chain may be connected, by a bolt 13 -or otherwise, to an eye 15 cast on the bottom ofV the casing (see Figs. 1 and 8). When both pipes 6 and 8 are employed, I use a doubly flanged step or floor plate 19, as shown in-Fig. 7.

In the `form in which my invention is shown in Figs. 15, 16 and 17, I show my invention applied to a car wall so that the brake may be operatedboth from the inside and outside of the car. To this end, I provide a chain pulley o1' drum 80 very similar to that shown in Fig. except that it is provided with an extension 81 which passes into the wall of the car. A telescopic extension 82 is employed which lits over the angular shaped projection 81 and turns therewith. this extension in turn having an angular shaped projection 83 which tits into a ratchet wheel S4 located within an additional casing 85 and which is operated b v a handle or lever 8G similar to that shown in Fig. 9. Owing to the telescopic feature it will be readily observed that my brake may be applied to car walls of different thicknesses. Vith this form a bolt 88 is provided which connects both casings and all the operating parts together. and supports the operating members in both casings. When this form of brake is used I employ a rock shaft 90 (see Fig. 1T) which passes through the car wall and has an operating handle 91 on the insideof the car and a crank 92 on the outside of the car wall so arranged that if any one on t-he inside of the car wishes to release the brake all that he has to do is to lift the handle 91 and the crank 92 will be turned until it strikes against the holdingr dog 93 when it will lift the same and release the brake. It willibe observed that the shaft 9() passes telescopically into a slee-ve 94 formed on the crank 92 so that the shaft 90 may be adjusted with respect to the crank 92 to enable the arrangement to be used on different thicknesses of car walls. In the' event that it is not necessary to have vthe telescopically adjustable drum for use on different thicknesses of wall, the whole drum with extensions on opposite sides thereof may be made of one integral casting as shown in 'Fig.'18. In this case the drum is numbered 95 and one extension is numbered'96 to receive and support a ratchet wheel 9T and the other eXtension is numbered 98 to receive and support the ratchet wheel 99.

It will be obvious that modifications and variations may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention, the scope of which is set 'forth by the appended claims.

What I claim as my invention is: y

1. In a hand brake for cars and the like, the combination of a casing, a brake tightening element, a ratchet wheel, a hand lever, a pawl operated from said 'lever co-acting with said ratchet wheel, and a handle on said pawl projecting through the casing. whereby an operator may move the pawl handle `to move or hold the pawl out of engagement with said ratchet wheel.

2. In a hand brake for cars and the like, the combination of a casing, a brake tightening element, a ratchet wheel, a hand lever, a pawl operated from said lever and a1'- ranged to rotate said ratchet wheel upon the movement of said handle. a dog arranged to hold the ratchet wheel from counter-rotation, and a handle 011 said pawl projecting through the casing whereby an operator may move the pawl handle to move or hold `the pawl out of engagement with said ratchet wheel and permit the ratchet wheel to move a tooth at a time and hold the same as desired by the aforesaid holding dog.

El. In a hand brake 4for cars and the like, the combination of a casing, a drum therein. a brake tightening element operated by said drum, a. ratchet wheel moving with said drum, a hand lever having a pawl coacting with said ratchet wheel and arranged to drop by gravity. to an inactive position` and a handle onI said pawl projecting through the casing. whereby an operator may move the pawl handle to move or h6ld the pawl out of engagement with said ratchet wheel.

4. In a hand brake for cars and the like,

the combination of a casing, a brake tightening element, a ratchet wheel. a hand lever having a pawl co-acting with said ratchet wheel and arranged'to drop by gravity to an inactive position, and a handle on said pawl projecting through the easing. wheref by an operator may move the pawl handle to move or hold the pawl out of engagement with said ratchet wheel.

5. In a hand brake for cars and the like, the combination of a casing, a brake tightening element, a ratchet wheel, a hand lever having a pawl (lo-acting with said ratchet Wheel and arranged to drop by gravity to an inactive position. a dog arranged to hold said ratchet wheel from counter-rotation, and a handle on said pawl projecting through the casing, whereby an operator may move the pawl handle to move or hold the pawl out of engagement with said ratchet wheel.

6. In a hand brake for cars and the like, the combination of a brake tightening element, ay ratchet Wheel, a hand lever, a paivl operated from said lever and arranged to rotate said ratchet wheel upon the movement of said handle, a holding dog, said lever being arranged to drop by gravity to a substantially vertical position and thereby cause the paivl to disengage said ratchet Wheel, and a handle on said pawl whereby an operator may move the paivl handle to move or hold the paivl out of engagement with said ratchet wheel and permit the ratchet Wheel to move a tooth at a time and' hold the same as desired by the aforesaid holding dog.

T. In a hand brakefor cars and the like. the combination of a casing` a drum therein. a brake tightening element operated by said drum, a ratchet Wheel moving with said drum, a hand lever having a pawl co-acting with said ratchet Wheel. said hand lever being arranged to drop by gravity to an inactive position and move the paivl outof Contact with said ratchet Wheel, and a handle `on said paWl projecting through the casing` whereby an operator may move the paivl handle to move or hold the paWl out ot' engagement With said ratchet Wheel.

8. In a brake, the combination ofa chain tightening element, a ratchet Wheel, a hand lever normally hanging by gravity, and a pawl pivotally carried by said hand lever and movable into and out of contact with said ratchet wheel, said pawl having ahandle permitting it to be manually moved independently of said lever. l

9. In a brake, the combination of a chain tightening element, a ratchet Wheel, a hand lever normally hanging by gravity, a paivl ,carried by said hand lever, and a cam for moving said paivl out of engagement with said ratchet wheel as said hand lever drops to its normal position.

10. In a brake, the combination of a chain tightening element, a ratchet Wheel, a hand lever normally hanging by gravity, a paxvl carried by said hand lever, and a cam for moving said paivl out of engagement with said ratchet- Wheel as said hand lever drops to its normal position, said paivl having a handle permittingit to be manually moved independently of said lever.

11. In a brake. the combination of a casing, a chain tightening element, a ratchet Wheel, and a disk-like member journaled ment with said ratchet Wheel as said hand.

lever drops by gravity.

13. In a brake, the combination of a casing, a chain tightening element, a ratchet ivheel, a disk-like member journaled in said casing alongside of said ratchet wheel, a hand lever projecting from said disk-like member through said casing, a pawl movably carried by, said hand lever to co-act with said ratchet wheel, and a cam in the casing for moving said pawl out of engagement with said ratchet Wheel as said hand lever drops by gravity, said paWl having a handle permitting it to beg manually moved independently of said lever.

14. In a brake, the combination of a casing having a rear end and open at its front, a drum therein, a divisional Wall or partition in said casing lhaving a part of the drum finding a bearing therein and projecting therethrough,- a ratchet wheel carried by said projecting part on the outside of said partition, a hand lever supported adjacent said ratchet ivheel, said lhand lever having a pawl arranged to co-act with and rotate the ratchet ivheel as said hand lever is moved upwardly, and a cam shaped member in said casing arranged to move said paivl out of contact with said ratchet Wheel as said hand lever moves downwardly.

15. In a brake, the combination of a casing having a rear end and open at its front, a drum therein, a divisional Wall or partition in said casing having a part of the drum finding a bearing therein and projecting therethrough, a ratchet ivheel carried by said projecting part on the outside of said partition, a hand lever supported adjacent said ratchet Wheel, said hand lever having a pawl arranged to co-act with and rotate the ratchet wheel as said hand lever is moved upwardly, a cap plate, and a bolt passing through said parts and securing the cap plate to the casing and supporting the drum. the ratchet wheel and hand lever.

16. In a brake, the combination of a casing having a rear end and open at its front, a drum therein, a divisional Wall or partition in said casing having a part of the drum finding a bearing therein and projecting therethrough, a ratchet wheel carried by said projecting part on the outside of said partition, a hand lever supported adjacent said ratchet wheel, said hand lever having a pawl arranged to co-act with and rotate the ratchet wheel as said hand lever is moved upwardly, a cam shaped member in said casing arranged to move said pawl out of contact with said ratchet wheel as said hand lever moves downwardly, a cap plate, and a bolt passing 'through said parts and securing the cap plate to the casing and supporting the drum, the ratchet wheel and hand lever.

17. In a brake, the combination of a casing having a rear end and open at its front, a drum therein, a divisional wall or partition in said casing having a pait of the drum `finding a bearing therein and projecting therethrough, a ratchet wheel carried by said projecting part on the outside of said partition, a hand lever supported adjacent said ratchet wheel, said hand lever having a pawl arranged to co-act with and rotate the ratchet wheel as said hand lever is moved upwardly, and a cam shaped lug on said partition arranged to be contacted with by said pawl to move the same out of contact with said ratchet wheel as said hand lever is moved downwardly.

18. In a brake, the combination of a casing having a rear end and open at its front, a drum therein, a divisional wall or partition in said casing having a part of the drum finding a bearing therein and pi'ojecting therethrough, a ratchet wheel cai'- ried by said projecting part on the outside of said partition, a hand lever supported adjacent said ratchet wheel, said hand lever having a'pawl arranged to co-act with and rotate the ratchet wheel as said4 hand lever is moved upwardly, a cani shaped lug on said partition arranged to be contacted with by said pawl to move the -same' out-of contact with said ratchet wheel as said hand lever is moved downwardly, and a handle on said pawl projecting through the casing whereby an operator may move said handle to take the pawl out of engagement with said ratchet wheel.

19. In a `car brake, the combination of a chain tightening element, a hand lever arranged to drop by gravity to an inoperative position and to rotate the said chain tightening element on an upward movementot said hand lever, said chain tightening element having a series of flat portions to receive and support the horizontal links of a chain, projections at the ends of said flat portions to act upon the curved ends of the links, recesses between said flat portions to receive the vertical links, and lugs projecting up from said recesses between the flat portions to enter between the sides of the links resting upon the flat portions.

20. In a car brake, the combination of a ends of said flat portions to act upon the curved ends of the links, recesses between said flat portions to receive the vertical links, lugs projecting up from said recesses Y' between the flat portions to enter between the sides of the links resting upon the flat portions, and flanges upon opposite sides of said flat portions against which the sides of the horizontal links contact.

21. In a car brake, the combination of a chain tightening element, a ratchetwheel movable therewith, a hand lever arranged to drop by gravity and to rotate said ratchet wheel and chain tightening element on an upward movement of said hand lever, said chain tightening element having a series of flatportions to receive and support the horizontal links of a chain, projectionsat the ends of said flat portions vto act upon the curved ends of the links, recesses between said flat portions to receive the vertical links, and lugs projecting up from said recesses between the flat portions to enter between the .sides of the links resting upon the flat portions.

22. In a car brake, the( combination of a chain tightening element, av ratchet wheel movable therewith,Y a hand lever arranged to drop by gravity and to rotate said ratchet wheel and chain tightening element on an upward movement of saidhand lever, said chain tightening element having a series of flat portions to receive and support the horizontal links of a chain, projectionsy at the ends of said Hat portions to act upon the curved ends of the links, recesses between said flat portions to receivel the vertical links, lugs projecting up from said recesses between the flat portions toenter between the sides of the links restingupon the flat portions, and flangesl upon opposite sides of l said flat portions against which the sides of the horizontal links contact.

23. In a car brake, a'chain tightening element having a series of flat portions to receive and support the horizontal sides of the chain links, recesses between said flat portions to receive the vertical links. and projections between said flat portions forming the ends of said recesses and arranged to enter the said horizontal links between the ends of said vertical links, in combination with a ratchet wheel movable vwith said chain tightening element, and a swinging lever having a pawl engageable with said ratchet wheel to rotate said chain tightening element.

24, In a c ar brake, a chain tightening element having a series of flat portions to receive and support the horizontal sides of the chain links, anges on the exterior sides of said flat portions to confine the sides of said links, recesses between said flat portions to receive the vertical links, and projections between said flat portions forming the ends of said recesses and arranged to enter the said horizontal links between the ends of said vertical links, in combination with a ratchet wheel movable with said chain tightening element, and a swinging lever having a pawl engageable with said ratchet wheel to rotate said chain tightening element.

In a car brake, a chain tightening element having a series of flat portions toreceive and support the horizontal sides of the chain links, lugs at the ends of said flat portions to engage the rounded ends of said horizontal links, recesses between said fiat portions to receive the vertical links, and projections between said fiat portions forming the ends of said recesses and arranged yto enter the said horizontal links between the ends of said vertical links, in combination with a ratchet wheel movable with said chain tightening element, and a swinging lever having a pavvl engageable with said ratchet wheel to rotate said chain tightening element.

26. In a car brake, a chain tightening element having a series of flat' portions to receive and support the horizontal sides of the chain links, flanges on the exterior sides of said flat portions to 'confine the sides of said links, lugs at the ends of said iat portions to engage the rounded ends of said horizontal links, recesses between said flat portions to receive the vertical links, and projections between said at portions forming the ends of said recesses and arranged to enter the said horizontal links -between the ends of said vertical links, in combination with a ratchet wheel movable with said chain tightening element, and a swinging lever having a pawl 'engageable with said ratchet wheel to rotate said chain tightening element.

27. In a car brake, the combination of a casing, a drum therein, a brake chain over said drum, a hand lever arranged to drop by gravity to a normal position and to operate said drum on an upward movement of said hand lever to wind said chain, said chain having a free end projecting from the casing, and means for preventing said end from being drawn entirely within the casing.

28. In a car brake, the combination of a casing, a drum therein, a brake chain over said drum, a hand lever arranged to drop by gravity to a normal position and to operate said drum on an upward'movement of said hand lever to wind said chain, said chain having a free end projecting from the casing, an eye on said casing, and means for securing the free end of the chain to said eye to prevent said free end from being drawn through said casing.

29. In a car brake and in combination with the wall thereof, a chain drum on oneside of a car wall having flat sides to receive and support the flat sides of a link, and projections located between said flat sides to enter the links, a ratchet wheel movable with said chain drum, a hand lever for operating said ratchet wheel and chain drum, a telescopically adjustablel member projecting from said chain drum through said car wall, a ratchet wheel carried by said member, and a hand lever on the opposite side of said wall to rotate said ratchet wheel and the aforesaid chain drum.

30. In a car brake, the combination of a chain tightening element on one side of a car wall having a ratchet wheel movable therewith, a hand lever yfor operating said ratchet wheel and chain tightening element, a Itelescopically adjustable member projecting from said chain tightening element through a car wall, a ratchet wheel carried by said member, a hand lever on the opposite side of said wall to rotate said ratchet wheel and the aforesaid chain tightening element, a dog co-acting with one of said ratchet wheels for holding said chain tightening element from counter-rotation, and a telescopically adjustable rock shaft passing through said wall for moving said pawl from the opposite `side of the car wall.

In testimony whereof I aiiiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

PERRY BROWN.

Witnesses:

JOHN L. FLETCHER, THos. E. ROBERTSON. 

